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        <h1>

          Dynamics effect

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        <div><div class="section"><p>The

Dynamics effect can be used as a compressor, limiter, and expander.

As a compressor and limiter, this effect reduces dynamic range,

producing consistent volume levels. As an expander, it increases

dynamic range by reducing the level of low‑level signals. (With

extreme expander settings, you can totally eliminate noise that

falls below a specific amplitude threshold.)</p>

</div>

<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Standard settings</h4><dl><dt class="dlterm">Amount</dt>

<dd xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">Controls the overall level of expansion, compression, and

limiting.</dd><p class="dlseparator"></p></dl>

</div>

<div class="section"><h4 class="sectiontitle">Advanced settings</h4><dl><dt class="dlterm">Threshold</dt>

<dd xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">Sets the input level at which dynamics processing begins.

Note that limiting and compression begin above their threshold settings,

while expansion begins below. <p>The best Threshold setting

varies for each phase of dynamics processing: </p>

<dl><dt class="dlterm">Limiter</dt>

<dd>Set the threshold near the maximum amplitude you want to

achieve. </dd><p class="dlseparator"></p><dt class="dlterm">Compressor</dt>

<dd>Set the threshold around 5&#160;dB below the peak input

level to retain more dynamic range. Or try settings around 15 dB

below the peak input level to greatly reduce dynamic range.</dd><p class="dlseparator"></p><dt class="dlterm">Gate/Expander</dt>

<dd>Set the threshold at the level of background audio you want

to remove. </dd><p class="dlseparator"></p></dl>

</dd><p class="dlseparator"></p><dt class="dlterm">Ratio</dt>

<dd xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">Sets a compression or expansion ratio of between 1‑to‑1 and

30‑to‑1. For example, a compression setting of <kbd class="userinput">3</kbd> outputs

1 dB for every 3-dB increase above the threshold. By contrast, an

expansion setting of <kbd class="userinput">3</kbd> reduces volume by

3 dB for every 1-dB drop below the threshold.<p>Typical compression

settings are moderate (around 2–5), producing a natural sound. Typical

limiting and expansion settings are more extreme (around 10–30). High

limiting ratios ensure that audio produces maximum volume without distortion.

High expansion ratios ensure that undesirable background sounds become

inaudible.</p>

</dd><p class="dlseparator"></p><dt class="dlterm">Attack</dt>

<dd xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">Determines how quickly dynamics processing starts after audio

passes the threshold. The defaults (5 milliseconds for limiting,

10 milliseconds for compression and expansion) work well for a wide

range of source material. Use faster settings only for audio with

quick transients, such as percussion recordings.</dd><p class="dlseparator"></p><dt class="dlterm">Release</dt>

<dd xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">Determines how quickly dynamics processing stops when audio

passes the threshold. The default, 100 milliseconds, works well

for a wide range of audio. Try faster settings for audio with fast

transients, and slower settings for less percussive audio.</dd><p class="dlseparator"></p><dt class="dlterm">Output Gain</dt>

<dd xmlns:fn="http://www.w3.org/2005/xpath-functions" xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">Boosts or cuts amplitude after dynamics processing. Possible values

range from ‑30 dB to +30 dB, where 0 is unity gain.</dd><p class="dlseparator"></p></dl>

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