A

abs built-in function, Other Built-in Numeric Tools

absolute imports, Relative Import Basics, Relative imports versus absolute package paths, Selecting modules with relative and absolute imports, Fix 2: Full path absolute import

abstract superclasses, Abstract Superclasses–Abstract superclasses in Python 3.X and 2.6+: Preview, Stream Processors Revisited

access-by-key databases and filesystems, Nesting Revisited, The has_key method is dead in 3.X: Long live in!, Storing Native Python Objects: pickle, Other Built-in Type Iterables, Pickles and Shelves, The shelve module, Storing Objects on a Shelve Database, Exploring Shelves Interactively–Exploring Shelves Interactively, Updating Objects on a Shelve

dictionary interfaces, The shelve module

exploring interactively, Exploring Shelves Interactively–Exploring Shelves Interactively

iterations and, Other Built-in Type Iterables

object persistence and, Nesting Revisited, Pickles and Shelves

pickle module, Storing Native Python Objects: pickle

storing objects on, The has_key method is dead in 3.X: Long live in!, Storing Objects on a Shelve Database

updating objects, Updating Objects on a Shelve

accessor functions, Program Design: Minimize Cross-File Changes, Function Design Concepts

__add__ method, Getting Help, A Third Example, Common Operator Overloading Methods, Reusing __add__ in __radd__

addition operation, Numbers

all built-in function, Other Iteration Contexts

__all__ variable, Package initialization file roles, Minimizing from * Damage: _X and __all__

Android platform, Installation Steps

annotations, Function Annotations in 3.X–Function Annotations in 3.X, Decorator Arguments Versus Function Annotations–Decorator Arguments Versus Function Annotations

__annotations__ attribute, Function Annotations in 3.X

anonymous functions, Anonymous Functions: lambda (see lambda expressions)

any built-in function, Other Iteration Contexts

anydbm module, Pickles and Shelves

apply built-in function, The defunct apply built-in (Python 2.X), Classes Are Objects: Generic Object Factories

arbitrary arguments, Arbitrary Arguments Examples–The defunct apply built-in (Python 2.X), Arbitrary arguments

arbitrary expressions, Sequence Operations

arbitrary structures, Handling Arbitrary Structures–More recursion examples

argparse module, Example: Dual Mode Code

arguments, Method Call Syntax, Coding Functions, Argument-Passing Basics, Arguments and Shared References–Arguments and Shared References, Avoiding Mutable Argument Changes, Simulating Output Parameters and Multiple Results, Simulating Output Parameters and Multiple Results, Simulating Output Parameters and Multiple Results, Special Argument-Matching Modes–The Gritty Details, Argument Matching Basics, Argument Matching Basics, Argument Matching Basics, Keyword and Default Examples–Combining keywords and defaults, Arbitrary Arguments Examples–The defunct apply built-in (Python 2.X), Headers: Collecting arguments, Calls: Unpacking arguments, The min Wakeup Call!–The Punch Line..., Generalized Set Functions–Generalized Set Functions, Emulating the Python 3.X print Function–Using Keyword-Only Arguments, Test Your Knowledge: Quiz, Function Design Concepts, Scopes: lambdas Can Be Nested Too, Coding your own zip(...) and map(None, ...), Defaults and Mutable Objects–Defaults and Mutable Objects, The World’s Simplest Python Class, Coding Constructors, Why the Special Methods?, Decorator Arguments, Adding Decorator Arguments–Timing with decorator arguments, Example: Validating Function Arguments–Other Applications: Type Testing (If You Insist!), A Basic Range-Testing Decorator for Positional Arguments–Other Applications: Type Testing (If You Insist!), Arbitrary arguments, Decorator Arguments Versus Function Annotations–Decorator Arguments Versus Function Annotations, Running script files with arguments

(see also keyword arguments)

about, Argument-Passing Basics

arbitrary, Arbitrary Arguments Examples–The defunct apply built-in (Python 2.X), Arbitrary arguments

avoiding changes, Avoiding Mutable Argument Changes

calculating lengths of, Coding your own zip(...) and map(None, ...)

call expressions and, Method Call Syntax

coding functions, Coding Functions

decorator, Decorator Arguments, Adding Decorator Arguments–Timing with decorator arguments, Example: Validating Function Arguments–Other Applications: Type Testing (If You Insist!), Decorator Arguments Versus Function Annotations–Decorator Arguments Versus Function Annotations

default values, Argument Matching Basics, Keyword and Default Examples–Combining keywords and defaults, Defaults and Mutable Objects–Defaults and Mutable Objects

intersecting sequences example, Generalized Set Functions–Generalized Set Functions

matching, Special Argument-Matching Modes–The Gritty Details, Emulating the Python 3.X print Function–Using Keyword-Only Arguments

positional, Argument Matching Basics, Headers: Collecting arguments, A Basic Range-Testing Decorator for Positional Arguments–Other Applications: Type Testing (If You Insist!)

quiz questions and answers, Test Your Knowledge: Quiz

running script files with, Running script files with arguments

self, Function Design Concepts, Scopes: lambdas Can Be Nested Too, The World’s Simplest Python Class, Coding Constructors, Why the Special Methods?

shared references and, Arguments and Shared References–Arguments and Shared References

simulating multiple results, Simulating Output Parameters and Multiple Results

simulating output parameters, Simulating Output Parameters and Multiple Results

unpacking, Simulating Output Parameters and Multiple Results, Calls: Unpacking arguments

usage example, The min Wakeup Call!–The Punch Line...

ArithmeticError class, Built-in Exception Classes, Built-in Exception Categories

arrays, lists and, Type-Specific Operations

as extension for import/from statements, The as Extension for import and from

ascii built-in function, Advanced Formatting Method Syntax

ASCII character set, Escape Sequences Represent Special Characters, Character code conversions, List Comprehensions Versus map, Character Encoding Schemes, Coding ASCII Text

about, Character Encoding Schemes

character code conversions, Character code conversions

encoding, Coding ASCII Text

encoding and decoding, Escape Sequences Represent Special Characters

usage example, List Comprehensions Versus map

aspect-oriented programming, Why Decorators?

assert statement, Python’s Statements, Exception Basics, Exception Roles, Raising Exceptions, The assert Statement, Example: Trapping Constraints (but Not Errors!)

about, Python’s Statements, Exception Basics, The assert Statement

special-case handling, Exception Roles

triggering exceptions, Raising Exceptions

usage example, Example: Trapping Constraints (but Not Errors!)

AssertionError exception, The assert Statement

assignment statements, Python’s Statements, Assignment Statements, Assignment Statement Forms–Assignment Statement Forms, Assignment Statement Forms, Assignment Statement Forms, Assignment Statement Forms–Advanced sequence assignment patterns, Assignment Statement Forms, Assignment Statement Forms, Assignment Statement Forms, Extended Sequence Unpacking in Python 3.X–Application to for loops, Multiple-Target Assignments–Multiple-target assignment and shared references, Augmented Assignments–Augmented assignment and shared references, Variable Name Rules–Names have no type, but objects do, Test Your Knowledge: Quiz, Tuple assignment in for loops–Tuple assignment in for loops, Python 3.X extended sequence assignment in for loops, Nested Scope Details, On the other hand: performance, conciseness, expressiveness

about, Python’s Statements, Assignment Statements, Nested Scope Details

augmented assignments, Assignment Statement Forms, Augmented Assignments–Augmented assignment and shared references

extended sequence unpacking, Assignment Statement Forms, Extended Sequence Unpacking in Python 3.X–Application to for loops, Python 3.X extended sequence assignment in for loops

list-unpacking assignments, Assignment Statement Forms

multiple-target assignments, Assignment Statement Forms, Multiple-Target Assignments–Multiple-target assignment and shared references

quiz questions and answers, Test Your Knowledge: Quiz

sequence assignments, Assignment Statement Forms–Advanced sequence assignment patterns

syntax patterns, Assignment Statement Forms–Assignment Statement Forms

tuple-unpacking assignments, Assignment Statement Forms, Tuple assignment in for loops–Tuple assignment in for loops, On the other hand: performance, conciseness, expressiveness

variable name rules, Variable Name Rules–Names have no type, but objects do

asterisk (*), Numbers, Sequence Operations, Basic Operations, Basic List Operations

atexit module, Debugging with Outer try Statements

attribute fetches, Method Call Syntax, Attribute Name Qualification, Other Ways to Combine Classes, New-Style Class Changes, Attribute Fetch for Built-ins Skips Instances–For more details

about, Method Call Syntax, Other Ways to Combine Classes

attribute name qualification and, Attribute Name Qualification

built-in types and, New-Style Class Changes, Attribute Fetch for Built-ins Skips Instances–For more details

AttributeError exception, Attribute Reference, The Basics

attributes, The Grander Module Story: Attributes–Modules and namespaces, The Grander Module Story: Attributes, Flexible reference syntax: Extra complexity and functional overlap, How to Structure a Program–Imports and Attributes, Attribute Name Qualification, Attribute Inheritance Search–Attribute Inheritance Search, Class Objects Provide Default Behavior, Classes Are Customized by Inheritance, Classes Are Attributes in Modules, Other Ways to Combine Classes, Special Class Attributes–Special Class Attributes, Example, Attribute Names: Object Namespaces, Attribute Access: __getattr__ and __setattr__–Emulating Privacy for Instance Attributes: Part 1, Attribute Reference, Attribute Assignment and Deletion, Attribute Assignment and Deletion, Other Attribute Management Tools, Emulating Privacy for Instance Attributes: Part 1, Listing inherited attributes with dir–Listing inherited attributes with dir, Listing attributes per object in class trees–Running the tree lister, Example: Mapping Attributes to Inheritance Sources–Example: Mapping Attributes to Inheritance Sources, Handling slots and other “virtual” attributes generically–Handling slots and other “virtual” attributes generically, __getattribute__ and Descriptors: Attribute Tools, Why Manage Attributes?–Inserting Code to Run on Attribute Access, Inserting Code to Run on Attribute Access, Properties–Setter and deleter decorators, Descriptors–Descriptors and slots and more, __getattr__ and __getattribute__–Delegation-based managers revisited, Intercepting Built-in Operation Attributes–Delegation-based managers revisited, Example: Attribute Validations–Using __getattribute__ to Validate, Test Your Knowledge: Quiz–Test Your Knowledge: Answers

(see also specific types of attributes)

about, The Grander Module Story: Attributes, Class Objects Provide Default Behavior

accessing, Inserting Code to Run on Attribute Access

assigning and deleting, Attribute Assignment and Deletion

attribute tools, __getattribute__ and Descriptors: Attribute Tools

built-in, Other Ways to Combine Classes, Intercepting Built-in Operation Attributes–Delegation-based managers revisited

data, Example

descriptors and, Descriptors–Descriptors and slots and more

handling generically, Handling slots and other “virtual” attributes generically–Handling slots and other “virtual” attributes generically

inheritance and, Attribute Inheritance Search–Attribute Inheritance Search, Classes Are Customized by Inheritance, Listing inherited attributes with dir–Listing inherited attributes with dir

listing per object, Listing attributes per object in class trees–Running the tree lister

managing, Other Attribute Management Tools, Why Manage Attributes?–Inserting Code to Run on Attribute Access

mapping to inheritance sources, Example: Mapping Attributes to Inheritance Sources–Example: Mapping Attributes to Inheritance Sources

modules and, The Grander Module Story: Attributes–Modules and namespaces, How to Structure a Program–Imports and Attributes, Classes Are Attributes in Modules

name qualification for, Attribute Name Qualification

namespaces and, Attribute Names: Object Namespaces

operator overloading and, Attribute Access: __getattr__ and __setattr__–Emulating Privacy for Instance Attributes: Part 1, __getattr__ and __getattribute__–Delegation-based managers revisited

privacy considerations, Emulating Privacy for Instance Attributes: Part 1

properties for, Properties–Setter and deleter decorators

quiz questions and answers, Test Your Knowledge: Quiz–Test Your Knowledge: Answers

referencing, Attribute Reference

special class, Special Class Attributes–Special Class Attributes

string method calls and, Flexible reference syntax: Extra complexity and functional overlap

validating, Example: Attribute Validations–Using __getattribute__ to Validate

augmented assignments, Assignment Statement Forms, Augmented Assignments–Augmented assignment and shared references

augmented classes, Manual Augmentation–Metaclass-Based Augmentation, Decorator-based augmentation

automatic memory management, It’s Powerful

awk utility, Generating Both Offsets and Items: enumerate